Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
Department of Civil Engineering, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
Abstract
A bubble curtain is a system that produces bubbles in a deliberate arrangement in
water. The technique is based on bubbles of air (gas) being let out under the
water surface, commonly on the bottom. When the bubbles rise they act as a
barrier, a curtain for prevention of the spreading of particles and other
contaminants. In this paper is paid to applications of bubble curtain in protection
of environment of offshore. Due to the salt water intrusion in Panama navigable
channel is causing environmental damage. Construction of bubble curtains along
the channel can be studied as a playbook. In this study, two-phase flow is
simulated with simulation software Fluent6.3 for freshwater input from the left,
saltwater input from the right, air from several vertical bubbles and water injection.
The model is solved by using of two-phase Mixture pattern. For problem solving is
used the k-𝜺 turbulence model. The air inlet velocity is considered 0.6 meters per
second and again 0.2 meters per second. By using air curtains (bubbles) can be
prevented salt water intrusion and the density also be reduced. In this paper the
multiphase flow is simulated by computational fluid dynamics method in Panama
channel.
Keywords
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Wilcox D.C., Re-assessment of the scale-determining equation for advanced turbulence models, AIAA Journal, vol. 26 (1988) 1414-1421.
Wursig B., Greene C.R., Jefferson T.A., Development of an air bubble curtain to reduce underwater noise of percussive piling, Marine Environmental Research 49 (2000) 79-93.
Yakhot V., Orszag S.A., Thangam S., Gatski T.B., Speziale, C.G., Development of turbulence models for shear flows by a double expansion technique, Physics of Fluids A 4 (1992) 1510-1520.
Yeh W.W.G, Review of parameter identification procedures in groundwater hydrology: the inverse problem, Water Resource Research 22 (1986) 95-108.
Ziegeler NAVO MSRC Visual Analysis and Data Interpretation Center in association with Saltwater Separation, LLC.
Zghibi A., Tarhouni J., Zouhri L., Geophysical and hydrochemical study of the seawater intrusion in Mediterranean semi-arid zones. Case of the Korba coastal aquifer (Cap-Bon, Tunisia), Journal of African Earth Sciences 58 (2010) 242-254.
Luong P.V., Sanchez J.E., Bernard R.S., Tate, C.H., Numerical Modeling and Simulation of a Salinity Intrusion Barrier, Panama Canal Study, ERDC Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory, Sean.
Naji A, Cheng A.H.D., Ouazar D., BEM solution of stochastic seawater intrusion, Engineering Analysis Boundary Elements 23 (1999) 529-537.
Mertzanides Y., Economou N., Hamdan H., Vafidis A, Imaging seawater intrusion in coastal zone of Kavala (N. GREECE) with electrical resistivity tomography, Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece, Proceedings of the 12th International Congress, Patras, (2010).
McGurik J.J., Rodi W., A depth-averaged mathematical model for the near fluid of side discharge into open- channel flow, Journal of Fluid Mechanics 864 (1978) 761-781.
Rajabi M.M., Ataie-Ashtiani B., Sampling efficiency in Monte Carlo based uncertainty propagation strategies: Application in seawater intrusion simulations, Advances in Water Resources 67 (2014) 46-64.
Rastogi A.K., Rodi W., 1978. Prediction of heat and mass transfer in open channels, Journal of Hydraulics Division, ASCE, 104 (1978) 397- 420.
Reddy A., Kumar K.N., David K., Varma K.S., Ground water potential and qualitative studies of Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh (India), Journal of Environmental Research and Development 3 (2009) 1065-1074.
Reynolds O., On the dynamical theory of incompressible viscous Fluids and the determination of the criterion, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London (1984) 123-161.
Salamasi F., Azamathulla H.Md., Determination of optimum relaxation coefficient using finite difference method for ground water flow, Arabian Journal of Geosciences 6 (2013) 3409-3415.
Sanz E., Voss C.I., Inverse modeling for seawater intrusion in coastal aquifers: Insights about parameter sensitivities, variances, correlations and estimation procedures derived from the Henry problem, Advances in Water Resources 29 (2006) 439-457.
Shahmoradi B., Qavami A., A specification of the sanitary boundaries of a well, Journal of Environmental Research and Development 2 (2008) 523-529.
Siddiqui S., Mahmood A., Qari R., Determination of Fluouride concentration in seawater of different shores along the Karachi, Journal of Environmental Research and Development 5 (2011) 928-932.
Soltani M.V., Rahimi Asl R., Computational fluid dynamics by Fluent software, Tehran, Tarrah issues, (2003)
Swanson J., Fish kills drive techniques for placing bridge piles. Issue of Daily Journal of Commerce (Portland, OR), (2004).
Tarbox D.L., Hutchings W.C., Alternative approaches for water extraction in areas subject to saltwater upconing, In 20th Salt Water Intrusion Meeting, Naples, Florida, (2008) 23-27.
Van Camp M., Mtoni Y., Mjemah I.C., Bakundukize C., Walraevens K., Assessment of seawater intrusion and nitrate contamination on the groundwater quality in the Korba coastal plain of Cap-Bon (North-east of Tunisia), Journal of African Earth Sciences 87 (2013) 1-12.
Versteeg H.K., Malalasekera W., An introduction to computational fluid dynamics: The Finite Volume Method, Prentice Hall, February 16 (2007) 503.
Werner A.D., Bakker M., Post, Vincent E.A, Vandenbohede A., Lu C., Ataie-Ashtiani B., Simmons C.T., Barry A., Seawater intrusion processes, investigation and management: Recent advances and future challenges, Advances in Water Resources 51 (2013) 3-26.
Wilcox D.C., Re-assessment of the scale-determining equation for advanced turbulence models, AIAA Journal, vol. 26 (1988) 1414-1421.
Wursig B., Greene C.R., Jefferson T.A., Development of an air bubble curtain to reduce underwater noise of percussive piling, Marine Environmental Research 49 (2000) 79-93.
Yakhot V., Orszag S.A., Thangam S., Gatski T.B., Speziale, C.G., Development of turbulence models for shear flows by a double expansion technique, Physics of Fluids A 4 (1992) 1510-1520.
Yeh W.W.G, Review of parameter identification procedures in groundwater hydrology: the inverse problem, Water Resource Research 22 (1986) 95-108.
Ziegeler NAVO MSRC Visual Analysis and Data Interpretation Center in association with Saltwater Separation, LLC.
Zghibi A., Tarhouni J., Zouhri L., Geophysical and hydrochemical study of the seawater intrusion in Mediterranean semi-arid zones. Case of the Korba coastal aquifer (Cap-Bon, Tunisia), Journal of African Earth Sciences 58 (2010) 242-254.
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