Ali Roholamin Kasmaei; Mehdi Nezhad Naderi; Zaynab Bahrami
Abstract
Application of N fertilizers in agricultural operations is one of the important sources of nitrate entry into groundwater. In Iran, especially in coastal areas with a high groundwater level, in agricultural areas, there is a risk of pollution of groundwater and surface water to nitrates. This research ...
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Application of N fertilizers in agricultural operations is one of the important sources of nitrate entry into groundwater. In Iran, especially in coastal areas with a high groundwater level, in agricultural areas, there is a risk of pollution of groundwater and surface water to nitrates. This research was conducted with the aim of determining the concentration of chemical parameters of drinking water wells in a Tonekabon village and comparing with acceptable standards. The present study was carried out on groundwater resources of Zawar village of Tonekabon city for six months and then data were analyzed to determine the concentration of chemical parameters and water resources type based on anions and cations in water. The results of this study during the investigation of different wells showed that the total number of samples tested from a drinking water well in Zawar, Tonekabon, the range of nitrate concentration from 8 to 33.7 mg / L, TDS from 233 to 435 mg in liters and the total hardness varied from 211 to 372 mg/L. According to the definition of pollution, the wells were classified in the permitted class in terms of nitrate. However, the approach of nitrate levels in some wells to 20 mg per liter (a sign of the impact of human activities) is also worthy of serious consideration. determining the quality of the area reduces the amount of nitrate in the groundwater and thus increases the quality of groundwater.
Mehdi Nezhad Naderi; Omid Zolfaghari
Abstract
A bubble curtain is a system that produces bubbles in a deliberate arrangement inwater. The technique is based on bubbles of air (gas) being let out under thewater surface, commonly on the bottom. When the bubbles rise they act as abarrier, a curtain for prevention of the spreading of particles and othercontaminants. ...
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A bubble curtain is a system that produces bubbles in a deliberate arrangement inwater. The technique is based on bubbles of air (gas) being let out under thewater surface, commonly on the bottom. When the bubbles rise they act as abarrier, a curtain for prevention of the spreading of particles and othercontaminants. In this paper is paid to applications of bubble curtain in protectionof environment of offshore. Due to the salt water intrusion in Panama navigablechannel is causing environmental damage. Construction of bubble curtains alongthe channel can be studied as a playbook. In this study, two-phase flow issimulated with simulation software Fluent6.3 for freshwater input from the left,saltwater input from the right, air from several vertical bubbles and water injection.The model is solved by using of two-phase Mixture pattern. For problem solving isused the k-𝜺 turbulence model. The air inlet velocity is considered 0.6 meters persecond and again 0.2 meters per second. By using air curtains (bubbles) can beprevented salt water intrusion and the density also be reduced. In this paper themultiphase flow is simulated by computational fluid dynamics method in Panamachannel.
