Maryam Nazari; Zahra Mohebi
Abstract
Widespread use of pesticides and herbicides, and the contamination in river, lake and sea waters have been become a major environmental concern in recent years. A common example of such herbicides is atrazine and its derivatives, which have been widely used in recent years to control pests in agriculture ...
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Widespread use of pesticides and herbicides, and the contamination in river, lake and sea waters have been become a major environmental concern in recent years. A common example of such herbicides is atrazine and its derivatives, which have been widely used in recent years to control pests in agriculture and improve food production and meet the needs of the global population, which is increasing year by year. Most analytical methods are used to determine pesticides and herbicides in the environment which are usually highly reliable and sensitive, but they are often very complex and require advanced tools, and measurements should be performed directly in a lab. Atrazine electrochemical biosensors based on enzymatic biosensors, immunosensors, and aptasensors are reviewed in this study. For atrazine detection by enzymatic biosensors, tyrosinase commonly is used. Phenols and atrazine are the substrates and inhibitor of this enzyme, respectively. These enzymatic biosensors are based on sensing of decreasing current in the presence of atrazine. Immunosensors based on the analyte size generally categorized into two detection methods including competitive and noncompetitive that both of them were used for atrazine detection. The several aptamer sequences were used for atrazine aptasensing that could detect it in nano and picomolar concentrations.
Zahra Mohebi; Maryam Nazari
Abstract
Disposal of waste products and residuals into the natural water bodies can havefatal consequences for aquatic ecosystems, posing severe threats to naturalhabitats and human health. Natural treatment systems are the most suitabletreatment technologies for various types of wastewaters, which has attracted ...
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Disposal of waste products and residuals into the natural water bodies can havefatal consequences for aquatic ecosystems, posing severe threats to naturalhabitats and human health. Natural treatment systems are the most suitabletreatment technologies for various types of wastewaters, which has attracted muchattention in recent years. Phytoremediation is a plant-based technique used toeliminate or recover surplus nutrients in contaminated environments. The use ofaquatic plants in wastewater phytoremediation is very efficient due to they have avery significant ability for assimilating and degrading contaminants (e.g., nitrates,phosphates, and heavy metals). Phytoremediation is a relatively new technologythat is considered as an operational, efficient, new, and environmentally friendlytechnology that is still in the early stages of development and optimization. Itsapplication on a large scale is still limited. It should also be noted that a clear visionof this innovation should be taken into account and, accurate data should be madeavailable to the public as it will enhance its efficiency as a manageable solution inthe worldwide. Additionally, phytoremediation has been evaluated as a separatelow-tech and environmentally friendly green option compared to the existingtechnologies. The present study attempts to review the recently published literatureto explain phytoremediation technology and its advantages in purifying water andwastewater.
